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Last edited 16 Dec 2022

Timber species

[edit] Introduction

Timber refers to the material harvested from trees, often cut and prepared for use in construction (it is also referred to as lumber in the same context). Wood refers to the material that a tree produces, essentially the body of a tree.

A species is a group of living organisms that consists of similar individuals capable of exchanging genes or interbreeding, it is a natural taxonomic unit which ranks below genus and is denoted by a Latin binomial.

There are around 73,000 tree species globally, the number that are used to produce timber products is far less.

Here is a list of timber species organised by region, species and use, the list is neither definitive nor exhaustive but indicative.

[edit] UK / European Timber species

[edit] Alder

Alder wood (Alnus glutinosa) grown in the UK, and Europe, used for minor utility products, sometimes available as beams.

[edit] Apple

Apple wood (Malus spp; sylvestris, domestica and others ) grown in the UK, Europe, used for minor craft products and smoking.

[edit] Ash

Ash wood (Fraxinus spp; excelsior, ) grown in the UK, Europe and North America, used for Light coloured furniture, panelling, tool handles, sometimes available as flooring.

[edit] Beech

Beech (Fagus spp.and grandifolia) grown in the UK, Europe and North America, and traditionally used for furniture, flooring, musical instruments. Beech coppice was a common product from the UK Chiltern hills, also pollarded wood was turned to make chair legs by the bodgers, as a hard, strong wood that cannot withstand moisture for use inside.

[edit] Birch

Birch wood (Betula spp.) is grown in the UK, Europe and North America, used for general purpose timber, plywood.

[edit] Cherry, European

European cherry wood (Prunus spp.) is grown in the UK, Europe and North America, used for specialised crafted furniture and decorative work, musical instruments.

[edit] Chestnut, horse

Horse chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum) grown in the UK and Europe, used for minor goods, turnery and utensils, often available as beams.

[edit] Chestnut, sweet

Sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa.) grown in the UK and Europe, used for furniture, joinery, fencing, cladding, also available as beams.

[edit] Elm

Elm (Ulmus spp.) grown in the UK, Europe and North America, used for furniture, joinery, flooring, external cladding, available also as floorboards.

[edit] Fir, Douglas

Douglas Fir (Pseudotsuga taxifolia P. menziesii.) A softwood grown in the UK and Europe (plantations) as well as North America, used for Plywood, structural work, sea defences, available as floorboards.

[edit] Fir, silver

Silver fir (Abies alba.) A softwood grown in the UK (plantations), used for building, joinery, packaging.

[edit] Hemlock, western

Western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla.) A softwood grown in the UK, Europe (plantations) and North America, used for in general for construction.

[edit] Holly

Holly (Ilex aquifolium.) grown in the UK and Europe, used for Craft work and inlays.

[edit] Hornbeam

Hornbeam (Carpinus betulus.) grown in the UK and Europe, used for minor items aswell as musical instruments.

[edit] Lime

lime wood (Tilia spp.) is grown in Europe. Brush backs, turnery, minor goods. Regularly available as antique carving.

[edit] Oak

Oak (Quercus spp.) grown in the UK, Europe and North America, used for a wide variety of applications, including joinery, furniture, fittings, flooring wood strip and woodblock flooring, often available as reclaimed beams from uk based indusries aswell as old floorboards.

[edit] Pine

Pine wood is a softwood there are various types, also known as Redwood (Pinus spp.) UK, Europe (commonly in plantations), North America. General utility work. Regularly available as beams, floorboards, wood strip, woodblock flooring.

[edit] Plane, European

European plane (Platanus hybrida.) grown in Europe, used gnerally as a veneer and in general purpose for handles.

[edit] Poplar

Poplar (Populus spp.) grown in UK and Europe. Matches, turnery, minor craft goods.

[edit] Sycamore

Sycamore, also known as European sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus) used in cabinet-making, musical instruments, turnery and veneers.

[edit] Walnut

Walnut (Juglans spp.) grown in Europe and North America, used for furniture, joinery and gun butts, often used for antique panelling and veneered doors.

[edit] Willow

Willow (Salix spp.) grown in the UK and Europe. Traditionally used for cricket bats, basket work, toys and other items., depending on the growth of the stem and approach to coppicing. It is also used as s biomass fuel and can be grown as a short rotation coppice willow agricultural product.

[edit] Yew

Yew (Taxus baccata) grown in the UK and Europe, used traditionally as a decorative veneer.

[edit] African species

Abura (Mitragyna ciliata) West Africa. Interior joinery.

Acajou Cailcedrat - Africa

Acajou d'Afrique- Africa

Afara (Terminalia superba) Africa. Plywood, interior use.

Afrormosia- (Pericopsis elata). Africa. Furniture, joinery. Endangered species FotE.

Afzelia (Afzelia spp. A. Africana,A. bipindensis, A. pachylob). West Africa. Top quality exterior joinery. Species is vulnerable.

Agba (Gossweilerodendron balsamiferum). West Africa. Plywood, furniture. Endangered species FotE.

Aiel -Africa

Aiouko -South and Central America

Ako - More than one continent

Akossika- Africa

Alan- Asia and Oceania

Alep- Africa

Almon- Asia and Oceania

Alstonia (Alstonia spp.) Africa. Various, depending on density.

Andoung- (Monopetalanthus spp. M. durandii, M. compactus. M. heitzii ). Africa. Furniture, light construction, plywood, boxes and crates. Species vulnerable and nearly threatened.

Antiaris (Antiaris spp.) Africa. Veneer, plywood, furniture, joinery, boxes and crates, light construction.

Angueuk- Africa

Anigr- Africa

Asanfona (Aningeria spp.). Africa. Musical instruments, heavy construction, marine, furniture, flooring.

Avodir- Africa

Awoura- Africa

Ayan - (Distemonanthus benthamianus). Africa. Outdoor construction, marine construction, furniture, decorative veneers.

Ayous- Africa

Azob- Africa

Banga-Wanga- Africa

Berlinia, red (Berlinia spp. B. occidentalis). Africa. Heavy construction, furniture and cabinetwork, veneers, panelling.

Bete- Africa

Bilinga- Africa

Blackwood, African (Dalbergia melanoxylon). Africa. Musical instruments, craft products. Nearly threatened.

Bodioa- Africa

Bomanga- Africa

Boss (clair/fonc)- Africa

Bubinga Minor (Copaifera salikounda). West Africa. Veneer, furniture. Regularly available as woodblock flooring.

Canarium (Canarium schweinfurthii) Africa. Light construction, furniture, veneer, plywood.

Cedar, pencil -softwood (J. procera) East Africa. Specialist uses. Nearly threatened species.

Celtis (Celtis spp.) Africa. Furniture, cabinets, carving, veneer.

Congotali- Africa

Cordia D' afrique (Cordia millenii). Africa. Exterior cladding, furniture, joinery.

Cottonwood (Bombax spp.) Africa. Plywood, blockboard, boxes and crates, furniture.

Coula- Africa

Dabma- Africa

Dahoma (Piptadeniastrum africanum). Africa. Heavy construction, wharf decking, flooring.

Danta (Nesogordonia papaverifera). Africa. Furniture, turnery, flooring, tool handles. Vulnerable Species.

Denya (Cyclicodiscus gabunensis) Africa. External construction.

Diania / Ohia- Africa

Dibetou- Africa

Difou- Africa

Doussi- Africa

Ebiara- Africa

Ebne D'Afrique / African

Ebony (Diospyros spp.) Several species are endangered and vulnerable).Africa/Asia. Cutlery handles, musical instruments, craftwork. Regularly available as antique escutcheons, door knobs.

Ekaba- Africa

Ekki / Azobe / Kaku West (Lophira alata). Africa. Sea defences, sleepers. Occasionally available as woodblock flooring. Species is vulnerable.

Ekoune- Africa

Emien - Africa

Essessang- Africa

Essia- Africa

Etimo- Africa

Eveuss- Africa

Eyong- Africa

Eyoum- Africa

Faro - Africa

Framir – Africa

Fromager (Ceiba pentandra). Africa, South America. Veneer, weak packaging.

Fuma – Africa

Gheombi - Africa

Gombee/Gomb (Didelotia spp. D. idea, D. unifoliolate) Africa. Plywood, blockboard, veneers, particleboard, furniture, joinery.

Greenheart (Chlorocardium rodiei, Ocotea rodiaei) Central and West Africa Furniture and exterior work. Species is vulnerable.

Hyedua (Guibourtia ehie). West Africa. Interior construction, furniture, veneer, turnery. Species is vulnerable.

Idigbo / Emeri / Framire. (Terminalia ivorensis). West Africa. Joinery and outdoor work. Species in vulnerable.

Iatandza - Africa

Igaganga - Africa

Ilomba (Pycnanthus angolensis) Africa. General utility timber, furniture components, interior joinery, plywood.

Imbuja (Phoebe / Ocotea porosa) South America and Africa. Interior construction, furniture. Species in vulnerable.

Iroko (Milicia excelsa) Africa. Garden furniture, boatbuilding, flooring and joinery. Regularly available as wood strip and woodblock flooring. Species is nearly threatened.

Izombe (Testulea gabonensis) Africa. Turnery.

Kanda - Africa

Kekele - Africa

Kondroti - Africa

Kosipo / Omu (Entandrophragma candollei listed as vulnerable) Africa. Furniture, flooring.

Kotibe - Africa

Koto (Pterygota sppP. macrocarpa P. bequaertii listed as vulnerable) – Africa. Veneer, interior joinery, furniture.

Kokoti (Anopyxis klaineana listed as vulnerable) Africa. Underwater construction and piling.

Landa – Africa

Latandza (Albizia ferruginea is listed as vulnerable). Africa. Heavy construction, furniture, marine work, veneer.

Lati (Amphimas spp.) Africa. Interior joinery, veneer, mouldings.

Limbali (Gilbertiodendron spp. Several species listed as vulnerable) Africa. Construction (including marine), industrial flooring, panelling.

Limba- Africa

Longhi/Longui (Chrysophyllum Africana) Africa. General purpose timber.

Lotofa – Africa

Mahogany, African (Khaya ivorensis listed as vulnerable) West Africa. Utility and decorative work, indoors and outdoors, from boatbuilding to furniture and joinery. Regularly available as woodblock flooring.

Makore (Tieghemella heckelii listed as endangered) West Africa. Joinery and wood work subjected to tough environments.

Makarati (Burkea Africana) Africa. Flooring, furniture, joinery.

Mambod – Africa

Mansonia (Mansonia altissima listed as endangered). Africa. High class joinery and furniture.

Merbau (Intsia bijuga listed as vulnerable) Asia, Africa and Oceania. Top quality exterior joinery. Occasionally available as wood strip flooring.

Moabi - Africa

Movingui - Africa

Msasa – Africa

Muhimbi (Cynometra alexandri) Africa. Construction, turnery. Occasionally available as woodblock flooring.

Muhuhu (Brachylaena hutchinsii) East Africa. High quality flooring subject to heavy wear. Regularly available as wood strip and woodblock flooring.

Mukulungu – Africa

Muninga (Pterocarpus angolensis listed as nearly threatened) Africa. Panelling and joinery. Regularly available as wood strip and woodblock flooring.

Mutenye (Guibourtia arnoldiana) Africa. Turnery, flooring, furniture, veneer.

Naga - Africa

Niangon (Heritiera utilis listed as vulnerable) – Africa. Furniture.

Nieuk - Africa

Niove (Staudtia stipitate) Africa. Cabinetwork, joinery, decorative veneers, flooring, turnery.

Oboto – Africa

Odoko (Scottellia coriacea) Africa. Interior and exterior construction, furniture.

Ogea (Daniellia spp. D. klainei, D. oblonga) listed as near threatened and vulnerable) Africa

Plywood, joinery, furniture, veneer.

Okan - Africa

Okoume/Okoum (Aucoumea klaineana) Africa. Plywood.

Okwen (Brachystegia spp. B. kennedyi, B. zenkeri listed as vulnerable) Flooring, veneer, general construction, joinery.

Olon (Fagara heitzii) Africa. Interior construction, furniture, veneers.

Onzabili – Africa

Opepe / Kussia (Nauclea diderrichii listed as vulnerable) Africa. Outdoor construction, marine defence, sleepers, flooring. Occasionally available as beams, woodblock flooring.

Osanga - Africa

Ossabel - Africa

Ossoko - Africa

Ovoga -Africa

Ovngkol - Africa

Ozigo - Africa

Ozouga – Africa

Padauk wood, African also Padouk. (Pterocarpus spp. and P. indicus listed as vulnerable) India, Myanmar, West Africa. Joinery, flooring, boat-building. Regularly available as wood strip and woodblock flooring.

Panga Panga (Millettia stuhlmanii) Africa. Cabinet work, joinery, veneer, flooring, turnery. Regularly available as woodblock flooring, musical instruments.

Paleto Pao Rosa – Africa

Safukala - Africa

Sapele wood (Entandophragma cylindricum listed as vulnerable) Africa. Furniture, joinery, decorative applications.

Sepetir (Sindora spp. inermis, S. supa) South-east Asia. Furniture, veneer, light construction, household utensils, plywood, flooring.

Sipo – Africa

Sterculia, red (Sterculia rhinopetala) Africa. Light construction work, interior joinery, boxes and crates.

Tali (Erythrophleum spp.) Africa. Flooring, heavy construction.

Tchitola (Oxystigma oxyphyllum) Africa. General purpose timber, veneer, plywood.

Teak, Rhodesian (Baikiaea plurijuga listed as near threatened) Southern Africa. Exterior construction, flooring. Regularly available as wood strip and woodblock flooring.

Tiama / / Edinam / Cedu nohor (Entandrophragma angolense listed as vulnerable) Africa. Furniture, joinery, construction, flooring.

Tola – Africa

Utile / sipo (Entandophragma utile) West Africa. Furniture, fitments, joinery, construction. Regularly available as wood strip and woodblock flooring.

Varillio varillo Vene – Africa

Walnut, African /dibetou (Lovoa trichilioides listed as vulnerable) West and Central Africa Furniture and panelling.

Wawa / Samba / Obeche / Ayous (Triplochiton scleroxylon) Africa. Kitchen furniture, mouldings, hidden work, plywood.

Wengee (Millettia laurentii listed as endangered) Africa. Furniture, decorative veneers, speciality uses. Regularly available as woodblock flooring.

Zingana – Africa

[edit] North, South and Centra American species

Abarco - South and Central America

Amesclo- South and Central America

Andira- South and Central America

Andiroba- South and Central America. Turnery.

Angelim- South and Central America

Angelim Rajado- South and Central America

Angelim Vermelho- South and Central America

Araracanga- South and Central America

Aacu- South and Central America

Bacuri- South and Central America

Balsa (Ochroma lagopus) – Ecuador. Model making, insulation.

Basralocus (Dicornia guianensis)- South America. Marine and dock work.

Batibatra- South and Central America

Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia). Europe, America. Poles, agricultural implements, furniture.

Caimito (Pouteria spp.). South America. Light construction, furniture, cabinet work. Several species are threatened.

Cambara -South and Central America

Canalete- South and Central America

Cardeiro- South and Central America

Castanheiro- South and Central America

Catucam- South and Central America

Cedar, American/Cedro (Cedrela spp. C. odorata, C. fissilis, C. lilloi)- South and Central America. Cabinet making, boatbuilding, light construction. Some species endangered or vulnerable.

Cedar, pencil -softwood (Juniperus virginiana) North America. Specialist uses. Nearly threatened species.

Cedar, western red, softwood. (Thuja plicata) North America. Exterior use, cladding some UK plantations. Regularly available as beams.

Cerejeira- South and Central America

Chechen- South and Central America

Chicha- South and Central America

Chontaquiro (Diplotropis martiussi). South America. Outdoor and marine construction.

Coigue (Nothofagus dombeyi) South America. Furniture, joinery, mouldings, turnery.

Copaiba- South and Central America

Couroupita- South and Central America

Cumaru- South and Central America

Cupiuba- South and Central America

Curupay / Curapixa (Anadenanthera macrocarpa)- South America. Heavy construction, flooring, turnery.

Elm (Ulmus spp.) UK, Europe, North America. Furniture, joinery, flooring, external cladding. Regularly available as floorboards.

Fir, Douglas (softwood) Pseudotsuga taxifolia P. menziesii. UK, Europe (plantations) North America Plywood, structural work, sea defences. Regularly available as floorboards.

Fava Amargosa - South and Central America

Faveira- South and Central America

Freijo (Cordia goeldiana)- South America. Joinery, veneer, construction.

Fromager (Ceiba pentandra). Africa, South America. Veneer, weak packaging.

Garapa- South and Central America

Goiabao - South and Central America

Gommier - South and Central America

Greenheart - South and Central America

Guariuba - South and Central America

Guatamb - South and Central America

Hemlock, western (softwood) Tsuga heterophylla. UK, Europe (plantations) North America. Construction.

Hickory (Carya spp.) North America. Sports goods, tool handles, drum sticks.

Imbuja (Phoebe / Ocotea porosa) South America and Africa. Interior construction, furniture. Species in vulnerable.

Inga - South and Central America

Ipe Peroba/ Ipe de Campos (Paratecoma peroba)- South America. Furniture, interior joinery, decking, flooring, vats and tanks, veneers.

Itaba - South and Central America

Jacareuba (Calophyllum spp.) South America. General purpose timber, musical instruments.

Jatob - South and Central America

Jequitiba (Cariniana spp.) South America. Construction, furniture.

Jutahy - South and Central America

Jcaro - South and Central America

Kuroka - South and Central America

Laurel (Chilean Laurelia aromatica) South America. Veneer.

Lignum vitae (Guaiacum spp. G. officinale G. sanctum species is listed as endangered) Central and South America. Special bearings, tools, sports goods.

Louro, Branco, Vermelho, also Greenheart. (Ocotea spp. Several species listed as vulnerable) South and Central America. Marine structures, heavy duty work.

Macacauba - South and Central America

Macucu De Paca - South and Central America

Mahogany, Brazilian (Swietenia macrophylla listed as vulnerable) - South and Central America. Joinery, high quality furniture, plywood. Regularly available as woodblock flooring, occasionally as beams.

Maple (Acer spp.) North America. Flooring, musical instruments. Regularly available as wood strip or woodblock flooring.

Mandioqueira - South and Central America

Manniballi - South and Central America

Manwood - South and Central America

Marupa - South and Central America

Mashonate / Guariuba (Clarisia racemosa) South America. Construction, furniture, mouldings, flooring, turnery.

Maaranduba - South and Central America

Melancieira - South and Central America

Mora (Mora spp.) South America. Industrial flooring, marine and heavy construction.

Morototo - South and Central America

Muiracatiara - South and Central America

Muirapiranga - South and Central America

Muiratinga - South and Central America

Oak (Quercus spp.) UK, Europe, North America. Wide variety of applications, including joinery, furniture, fittings, flooring wood strip and woodblock flooring. Regularly available as reclaimed beams, floorboards.

Pau Marfim (Balfourodendron riedelianum listed as endangered ) Brazil. Furniture making, flooring, construction, turnery.

Pilon - South and Central America

Pin Des Caraibes - South and Central America

Panacoco - South and Central America

Parapar - South and Central America

Pau Amarelo - South and Central America

Pau Roxo - South and Central America

Pepenance Pin De Parana - South and Central America

Peroba Rosa (Aspidosperma spp. A. polyneuron listed as endangered) South America. Fine furniture, veneer, cabinet work, flooring, interior trim and turning.

Persimmon (Diospyros virginiana) North America. Decorative ware, musical instruments, turnery.

Pine (softwood) various and types, also known as Redwood (Pinus spp.) UK, Europe (commonly in plantations), North America. General utility work. Regularly available as beams, floorboards, wood strip, woodblock flooring.

Pine, Parana, softwood. (Araucaria angustifolia listed as vulnerable) Brazil (some plantations) Joinery, plywood.

Pitch Pine, softwood (Pinus spp.) Southern USA, Brazil (plantations) Construction, plywood.

Pinus Patula - South and Central America

Piquiarana / Piquia - South and Central America

Purpleheart (Peltogyne spp.) Central and South America. Heavy construction work, decorative purposes. Occasionally available as beams.

Quaruba (Vochysia spp.) South and Central America. Carpentry, utility plywood, furniture components, interior trim, millwork.

Rauli (Nothofagus procera) South America. Furniture, joinery, mouldings, turnery.

Rosewood (Dalbergia spp. D. nigra Various species vulnerable) Africa, South America, India. Furniture, musical instruments.

Sand - South and Central America

Sapucaia- South and Central America

Sequioa, red (Sequioa sempervirens) North America. Joinery.

Spruce, soft or whitewood (Picea spp.) UK, Europe (commonly in plantations), North America. General purpose timber. Regularly available as beams, floorboards, wood strip and woodblock flooring.

Sucupira Preta - South and Central America

Tachi - South and Central America

Tamboril - South and Central America

Tanimbuca - South and Central America

Tatajuba (Bagassa guianensis) South and Central America. Furniture, flooring, joinery, heavy construction.

Tauari - South and Central America

Tento - South and Central America

Timborana - South and Central America

Tornillo (Cedrelingua cataeneformis) South and Central America. General furniture construction.

Tulipwood / American poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) North America Mouldings, drumsticks.

Uchy - South and Central America

Ucuuba vermelha - South and Central America

Virola (Virola spp. V. surinamensis listed as endangered) South America. Plywood, mouldings, interior joinery.

Wacapou / Acapu - South and Central America

Wallaba (Eperua falcata)- South and Central America. Heavy construction, poles, industrial flooring.

Walnut Juglans spp. Europe, North America Furniture, joinery, gun butts. Regularly available as antique panelling and veneered doors.

[edit] Asia and Oceania

Acacia - Asia and Oceania

Balau Red/ Yellow, Balau / Selangan batu /bangkirai.( Shorea spp.)- Asia and Oceania. Many species are critically endangered and vulnerable. Heavy duty construction work.

Bintangor (Calophyllum spp.) South Easy Asia. General purpose timber, musical instruments. Some species are threatened.

Binuang (Octomeles sumatrana) South-east Asia. Plywood, light construction, furniture components, cabinetwork.

Bungur- Asia and Oceania.

Chengal- Asia and Oceania

Dafo (Terminalia brassii). South-east Asia. Veneer, furniture, cabinet work, joinery.

Duabanga- Asia and Oceania

Durian (Durio spp.) South-east Asia. Furniture, veneer, plywood, light construction. Several species are vulnerable

Ebony (Diospyros spp.) Several species are endangered and vulnerable).Africa/Asia. Cutlery handles, musical instruments, craftwork. Regularly available as antique escutcheons, door knobs.

Geronggang - Asia and Oceania

Gerutu - Asia and Oceania

Gmelina (Gmelina arborea). Native to South Asia, timber is from tropical plantations Light construction, packaging, furniture.

Haldu - Asia and Oceania

Hevea - More than one continent

Jarana Jarrah - Asia and Oceania

Jelutong (Dyera costulata) – South-East Asia. Interior work, crafts, pattern making.

Kamarere - Asia and Oceania

Kapur (Dryobalanops spp. D.aromatica is critical and some other species endangered) South-east Asia (Indonesia, Malaysia) Exterior joinery and construction.

Karri - Asia and Oceania

Kasai - Asia and Oceania

Kauri - Asia and Oceania

Kedondong - Asia and Oceania

Kauvula (Endospermum medullosum) South-east Asia, Furniture parts, minor items.

Kempas uses (Koompassia malaccensis) South-east Asia. Heavy construction.

Keruing / Yang / Curjun (Dipterocarpus spp. Many species are critical or endangered) Indonesia, Malaysia. Strength applications in hidden work in furniture, building, and transport decking, plywood. Regularly available as flooring.

Kelat - Asia and Oceania

Keledang - Asia and Oceania

Kembang Semangkok - Asia and Oceania

Kempas - Asia and Oceania

Keruing - Asia and Oceania

Lauan Red - Asia and Oceania

Mango - Asia and Oceania

Manil - More than one continent

Mayapis - Asia and Oceania

Medang (Litsea spp. L. leytensis listed as vulnerable) South-east Asia. Joinery, carving, furniture, light construction, veneer.

Merbau (Intsia bijuga listed as vulnerable) Asia, Africa and Oceania. Top quality exterior joinery. Occasionally available as wood strip flooring.

Mengkulang (Heriteria spp) - Asia and Oceania. Interior joinery.

Meranti / Seraya and Lauan Red, Yellow and White (Shorea spp. Many species listed as Critical, endangered or vulnerable) All types of joinery, framing, doors and fittings. Also used in plywood. Regularly available as woodblock and wood strip flooring, occasionally as beams.

Mersawa (Anisoptera spp. Many species critical or endangered) South-east Asia. Light construction, furniture, plywood, veneer, marine construction.

Merbau (Intsia bijuga listed as vulnerable) Asia, Africa and Oceania. Top quality exterior joinery. Occasionally available as wood strip flooring.

Mersawa - Asia and Oceania

Nyatoh (Palaquium spp. Several species listed as vulnerable) – South-east Asia. Exterior construction, fine furniture, veneer, musical instruments.

Padauk Amboina - Asia and Oceania

Pinus Kesiya - Asia and Oceania

Pinus Merkusii - Asia and Oceania

Pulai - Asia and Oceania

Punah - Asia and Oceania

Ramin (Gonystylus bancanus is listed as vulnerable) – Asia. Mouldings.

Rubberwood. (Hevea brasiliensis) Malaysia (plantations). Furniture.

Sellion Sesendok - Asia and Oceania

Simpoh (Dillenia spp. Several species listed as vulbnerable) South-east Asia. Plywood, interior joinery, furniture and cabinetwork.

Sonokeling - Asia and Oceania

Swamp sepetir (Pseudosindora palustris) South-east Asia. Furniture, cabinetwork, joinery, flooring, plywood, veneers.

Taun (Pometia pinnata) South-east Asia General purpose timber.

Teck / Teak (Tectona grandis) Asia and Oceania. High quality furniture, joinery, garden furniture. Regularly available as wood strip and woodblock flooring, occasionally as beams.

Terentang (Campnosperma brevipetiolata) South-east Asia. Light general purposes.

Vitex Minor (Vitex confassus) South-east Asia. Boxes and crates, utility furniture, joinery.

White Seraya - Asia and Oceania

Yemane - Asia and Oceania

Walnut, Australian (Endiandra palmerstonii) Queensland Australia Furniture, interior joinery and construction, veneers.

[edit] Australia

Black bean (Castanospermum australe). Australia. Furniture, cabinetwork, joinery.

Blue gum (Eucalyptus saligna). Australia. General purpose timber, also used for paper. Occasionally available as wood strip flooring.

Jarrah (Eucalyptus marginate). Australia. Outdoor construction, flooring, decking, sleepers. Regularly available as wood strip and woodblock flooring, occasionally as beams.

Karri (Eucalyptus diversicolor) Australia. Heavy duty outdoor construction, sleepers. Regularly available as wood strip and woodblock flooring, occasionally as beams.

Oak, Tasmanian (Eucalyptus delegatensis) Australia. General purpose timber, flooring.